The 2 Primary Bins ...

Nowadays, one will see a public receptacle with an added recycling bin to it, similar to what is displayed here.  This allows consumers to separate their glass, aluminum, plastic and/or paper containers from other trash, and dispose of accordingly while in public.

My daughter likes to make ramen or popcorn in her bedroom while studying late at night for an exam. She stores her leftovers along with bottled drinks in her mini fridge.  For recycling, she has two small bins right there in her room!  Each bin is lined with the proper colored bag, like blue or clear for recycling.

She then can deposit both her trash bag and recycling bag directly into the city's containers ready for pick-up, as seen here.

Battery recycling bins come in all different shapes and sizes.  Some will have 3 separate holes on the lid for separating different kinds of batteries like alkaline, lithium-ion and device-based batteries.  Many corporate offices have these set up in their mailrooms, and some stores will have them like Batteries Plus. 

In terms of where you could store other metals for direct recycling to a facility for metal, perhaps choose a different colored bin (or even a box), then once full, take it directly to the facility for weighing.  As mentioned, some recycling plants offer money for those rusty nails, pots and pans no longer in use.